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Lesson 8
Personal and possessive pronouns
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- Personal & possessive pronouns
- Demonstrative & interrogative pronouns
- Vocabulary Part I
- Vocabulary Part II

Personal Pronouns
Though the Japanese language does have personal pronouns, it is preferable not to use them. Using personal pronouns puts a lot of stress on the subject and can often sound either egocentric or like an accusation. Instead of using personal pronouns, the Japanese prefer to use one's title or function, or one's name.

There are several synonyms for each personal pronoun, often with different levels of politeness. Some personal pronouns are for exclusive use by women, others are exclusively used by men.

Personal Pronouns
I / me watakushi Formal
watashi Polite
boku Informal / Masculine
あたし atashi Informal / Feminine
ore Rude - Masculine
you あなた anata Polite
kimi Informal
お前 o-mae Rude - Masculine
he, him kare  
she, her 彼女 kanojo  
he, him / she, her あの方 ano kata Formal
あの人 ano hito  
we, us 私達 watakushitachi Formal
私達 watashitachi Polite
僕達 bokutachi Informal - Masculine
あたし達 atashitachi Informal - Feminine
俺等 orera Rude - Masculine
you あなた方 anatagata  
あなた達 anatatachi Polite
君達 kimitachi Informal
お前等 o-maera Rude - Masculine
they, them あの方々 ano katagata Formal
あの方達 ano katatachi Formal
あの人達 ano hitotachi  
彼等 karera  
彼女達 kanojotachi All women

Personal and possessive pronouns are used only when there could be some confusion as to whom you are referring. Once the topic has been established pronouns are usually no longer used.

 

だれがウイスキーでした? (Dare ga uisukii deshita?)
Who had the whisky?

あたしです。(Atashi desu.)
That's me.

へ~、ウイスキー飲みますか。(Hee, uisukii nomimasu ka.)
Huh? Do you drink whisky?

Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns are formed by simply placing の (no) after the respective personal pronoun.

Personal Pronouns Possessive Pronouns
watakushi I, me 私の watakushi no my, mine
watashi I, me 私の watashi no my, mine
boku I, me 僕の boku no my, mine
あたし atashi I, me あたしの atashi no my, mine
ore I, me 俺の ore no my, mine
あなた anata you あなたの anata no your, yours
kimi you 君の kimi no your, yours
お前 o-mae you お前の o-mae no your, yours
あの方 ano kata he, him/she, her あの方の ano kata no his/her, hers
あの人 ano hito he, him/she, her あの人の ano hito no his/her, hers
kare he, him 彼の kare no his
彼女 kanojo she, her 彼女の kanojo no her, hers
私達 watakushitachi we, us 私達の watakushitachi no our, ours
私達 watashitachi we, us 私達の watashitachi no our, ours
僕達 bokutachi we, us 僕達の bokutachi no our, ours
あたし達 atashitachi we, us あたし達の atashitachi no our, ours
俺等 orera we, us 俺等の orera no our, ours
あなた方 anatagata you あなた方の anatagata no your, yours
あなた達 anatatachi you あなた達の anatatachi no your, yours
君達 kimitachi you 君達の kimitachi no your, yours
お前等 o-maera you お前等の o-maera no your, yours
あの方々 ano katagata they, them あの方々の ano katagata no their, theirs
あの方達 ano katatachi they, them あの方達の ano katatachi no their, theirs
あの人達 ano hitotachi they, them あの人達の ano hitotachi no their, theirs
彼等 karera they, them 彼等の karera no their, theirs
彼女達 kanojotachi they, them 彼女達の kanojotachi no their, theirs

When the possessive pronoun is followed by a noun it is translated as my, your, her, and so on, when the possessive pronoun is used by itself it is translated as mine, yours, hers, et cetera.

 

誰の手紙なの? (Dare no tegami na no?)
Whose letter is it?

彼女のオートバイです。(Kanojo no ootobai desu.)
It's her motorbike.

全部僕等のだ。(Zenbu bokura no da.)
It's all ours.

 
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